Linux disk durumunu goruntuleme
disk free komutu
# df -h
Filesystem Size Used Avail Use% Mounted on
/dev/sda1 77G 5.4G 68G 8% /
tmpfs 3.9G 0 3.9G 0% /dev/shm
/dev/sda3 374G 6.6G 349G 2% /opt/inseptra
disk usage
komutu dosyanin yada dizinin diskteki kapladigi boyutu sorgular
# du -sh test.sh
4.0K test.sh
ulasilabilir aygitlari gorutuleme
# fdisk -l
Disk /dev/sda: 64.4 GB, 64424509440 bytes
255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 7832 cylinders
Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
Disk identifier: 0x000e7669
Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System
/dev/sda1 * 1 64 512000 83 Linux
Partition 1 does not end on cylinder boundary.
/dev/sda2 64 7833 62401536 8e Linux LVM
Disk /dev/mapper/vg_imc-lv_root: 52.3 GB, 52344913920 bytes
255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 6363 cylinders
Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
Disk identifier: 0x00000000
acilista sisteme baglanmis dosyalar hakkinda bilgi verir
/etc/fstab
# Created by anaconda on Wed Feb 25 17:18:17 2015
#
# Accessible filesystems, by reference, are maintained under '/dev/disk'
# See man pages fstab(5), findfs(8), mount(8) and/or blkid(8) for more info
#
/dev/mapper/vg_imc-lv_root / ext4 defaults 1 1
UUID=d7d31050-7663-4ced-9409-27d7e0a68e66 /boot ext4 defaults 1 2
/dev/mapper/vg_imc-lv_home /home ext4 defaults 1 2
/dev/mapper/vg_imc-lv_swap swap swap defaults 0 0
tmpfs /dev/shm tmpfs defaults 0 0
devpts /dev/pts devpts gid=5,mode=620 0 0
sysfs /sys sysfs defaults 0 0
proc /proc proc defaults 0 0
# mount
/dev/mapper/vg_imc-lv_root on / type ext4 (rw)
proc on /proc type proc (rw)
sysfs on /sys type sysfs (rw)
devpts on /dev/pts type devpts (rw,gid=5,mode=620)
tmpfs on /dev/shm type tmpfs (rw)
/dev/sda1 on /boot type ext4 (rw)
/dev/mapper/vg_imc-lv_home on /home type ext4 (rw)
none on /proc/sys/fs/binfmt_misc type binfmt_misc (rw)
31 Aralık 2015 Perşembe
17 Kasım 2015 Salı
Ram tuketimi
sistemin bellek kullanımı cpu/ram tarafından ayrıntılı ve anlık olarak
top
htop (yum install htop)
anlık ram kullanımı sorgulama
free -m
sistemlerdeki bellek kullanımı ile istatistikler
cat /proc/meminfo
Ram modeli, Ram kullanımı detaylı sorgulama
dmidecode –type memory
Swap kullanımı, Swap IN/OUT
Ram çok fazla kullanıldığında boşta ram kalmaz işletim sistemi verileri Ram den çekip diske atar yeniden kullanması gerektiğinde geri Ram e alır
ipcs -m
memory den reserve isteyen programlar
1 Eylül 2015 Salı
sifresiz ssh baglantisi icin yapilmasi gerekenler
[ayse@A ~]$ ls .ssh
id_rsa id_rsa.pub known_hosts
[ayse@A ~]$ ssh-copy-id -i .ssh/id_rsa.pub ayse@192.168.0.44
ayse@192.168.0.44's password:
Now try logging into the machine, with "ssh 'ayse@192.168.0.44'", and check in:
.ssh/authorized_keys
to make sure we haven't added extra keys that you weren't expecting.
[ayse@A ~]$ ssh ayse@192.168.0.44
Last login: Tue Sep 1 09:34:39 2015 from ....
ayse$ logout
Connection to 192.168.0.44 closed.
[ayse@A ~]$ vi .ssh/config
buraya:
host 44
hostaname 192.168.0.44
user ayse
yazarak kaydediyoruz
[
ayse@A ~]$ ssh 44
Bad owner or permissions on /home/ayse/.ssh/config
[ayse@A ~]$ chmod 600 .ssh/config
[ayse@A ~]$ ssh 44
6 Ağustos 2015 Perşembe
git commit
$git status
On branch master
# Changed but not updated:
# (use "git add <file>..." to update what will be committed)
# (use "git checkout -- <file>..." to discard changes in working directory)
#
# modified: category-application.log
#
# Untracked files:
# (use "git add <file>..." to include in what will be committed)
$git add <filename>
$git commit -a -m "aciklama bilgisi"
master 0f8b9fe] application log updated
1 files changed, 1 insertions(+), 1 deletions(-)
$git push origin master
Counting objects: 5, done.
Compressing objects: 100% (3/3), done.
Writing objects: 100% (3/3), 338 bytes, done.
Total 3 (delta 1), reused 0 (delta 0)
29 Temmuz 2015 Çarşamba
wireshark kurulumu ve symbol lookup error
CentOS 6.5 icin kurulum ;
root olunur
# yum install wireshark-gnome
# wireshark
hata ile karsilasilirsa ;
centos 6.5: wireshark: symbol lookup error: wireshark: undefined symbol: gtk_combo_box_text_new_with_entry
gibi
cozum:
#yum update gtk2
# rpm -qa | grep wireshark
wireshark-devel-1.8.10-8.el6_6.x86_64
wireshark-gnome-1.8.10-8.el6_6.x86_64
wireshark-1.8.10-8.el6_6.x86_64
root olunur
# yum install wireshark-gnome
# wireshark
hata ile karsilasilirsa ;
centos 6.5: wireshark: symbol lookup error: wireshark: undefined symbol: gtk_combo_box_text_new_with_entry
gibi
cozum:
#yum update gtk2
# rpm -qa | grep wireshark
wireshark-devel-1.8.10-8.el6_6.x86_64
wireshark-gnome-1.8.10-8.el6_6.x86_64
wireshark-1.8.10-8.el6_6.x86_64
23 Temmuz 2015 Perşembe
netcat command
To install netcat on a CentOS system (64bit), simply issue the following command: yum install nc.x86_64
#yum install nc.x86_64
Basic syntax of netcat :
usage: nc [-46bCDdhjklnrStUuvZz] [-I length] [-i interval] [-O length] [-P proxy_username] [-p source_port] [-q seconds] [-s source] [-T toskeyword] [-V rtable] [-w timeout] [-X proxy_protocol] [-x proxy_address[:port]] [destination] [port]
#yum install nc.x86_64
Basic syntax of netcat :
usage: nc [-46bCDdhjklnrStUuvZz] [-I length] [-i interval] [-O length] [-P proxy_username] [-p source_port] [-q seconds] [-s source] [-T toskeyword] [-V rtable] [-w timeout] [-X proxy_protocol] [-x proxy_address[:port]] [destination] [port]
7 Temmuz 2015 Salı
eth1 interface'inde trafik kontrol islemi
~ vnstat -l -i eth1
Monitoring eth1... (press CTRL-C to stop)
rx: 8.32 Mbit/s 1430 p/s tx: 0 kbit/s 0 p/s
26 Haziran 2015 Cuma
mysqldump ile veritabanı yedeği
Veritabanı yedeği;
mysqldump -u=[Kullanıcı adı] -p=Şifre Veritabanı>[yedeklenmiş ismi].sql
komut satırından işlemler:
ayse veritabanındaki tabloları listeler
mysql -u userA -p$PASS ayse -e "show tables"
Aşağıdaki komut ayse veritanındaki test tablosunu export'unu alır.
(Data + schema export for specific table)
mysqldump -u userA -p$PASS ayse test > /tmp/`date "+%Y%m%d-"`ayse .test .sql
Kontrol işlemi:
ls -alt /tmp/20150630-ayse .test .sql
3 Mayıs 2015 Pazar
MySQL: yeni kullanıcı yaratma
mysql> GRANT ALL PRIVILEGES ON *.* TO 'kullaniciadi'@'%' IDENTIFIED BY 'sifre';
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.04 sec)
mysql> flush privileges;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)
@'%' ifadesi herhangi bir ip adresinden bağlanılabileceğini ifade eder,
eğer sadece belirli bir ip adresine izin verilmek isteniyorsa % yerine ip adresi girilmelidir.
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.04 sec)
mysql> flush privileges;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)
@'%' ifadesi herhangi bir ip adresinden bağlanılabileceğini ifade eder,
eğer sadece belirli bir ip adresine izin verilmek isteniyorsa % yerine ip adresi girilmelidir.
Linux: kullanıcı işlemleri
kullanıcı ekleme
--- kullanıcı ekleme işlemi root user'ında iken yapılmalı
[root@Ayse ~]# useradd -m testuser
[root@Ayse ~]# ls /home/
lost+found pythonuser test testuser
[root@Ayse ~]# id testuser
uid=504(testuser) gid=504(testuser) groups=504(testuser)
kullanıcı şifre atama
# passwd <testuser>
herhangi bir kullanıcı belirtmeden passwd komutu çalıştırılırsa aktif olan kullanıcının şifresi değiştirilir
mevcut kullanıcı bilgileri görüntüleme
[root@Ayse ~]# cat /etc/passwd
mevcut kullanıcı bilgileri düzenleme:
# vipw
29 Nisan 2015 Çarşamba
Linux: whois command line
whois searches Whois servers for the object on the command line.
The host to query is taken from a global configuration file, a configuration file specified on the command
line, or selected directly on the command line.
[root@ayse~]# whois 1.1.1.1
[Querying whois.arin.net]
[Redirected to whois.apnic.net]
[Querying whois.apnic.net]
[whois.apnic.net]
% [whois.apnic.net]
% Whois data copyright terms http://www.apnic.net/db/dbcopyright.html
% Information related to '1.1.1.0 - 1.1.1.255'
...
[root@ayse~]# whois wikipedia.org
...
The host to query is taken from a global configuration file, a configuration file specified on the command
line, or selected directly on the command line.
[root@ayse~]# whois 1.1.1.1
[Querying whois.arin.net]
[Redirected to whois.apnic.net]
[Querying whois.apnic.net]
[whois.apnic.net]
% [whois.apnic.net]
% Whois data copyright terms http://www.apnic.net/db/dbcopyright.html
% Information related to '1.1.1.0 - 1.1.1.255'
...
[root@ayse~]# whois wikipedia.org
...
Linux: perform Manual DNS Queries with dig tool
dig (domain information groper) is a flexible tool for interrogating DNS name servers. It performs DNS lookups and displays the answers that are returned from the name server(s) that were queried. Most DNS administrators use dig to troubleshoot DNS problems because of its flexibility, ease of use and clarity of output. Other lookup tools tend to have less functionality than dig.
[root@ayse ~]# dig +short NS trakya.edu.tr @8.8.8.8
tubimdc.trakya.edu.tr.
tubim.trakya.edu.tr.
[root@ayse ~]# dig +short A www.trakya.edu.tr @tubimdc.trakya.edu.tr
193.255.140.50
[root@ayse~]# dig +short MX trakya.edu.tr @tubimdc.trakya.edu.tr
0 mail.trakya.edu.tr.
[root@ayse~]# dig +short A mail.trakya.edu.tr @tubimdc.trakya.edu.tr
193.255.140.16
[root@ayse~]#
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